Wall construction.



No. 867,954. PATENTED'OGT. 15, 1907.

G. E. DAVIS. WALL GONSTRUOTION.

APPLICATION rum; mm. 2?, w.

Wibwooao 6 No: new

PATENT O F-10s.

eEoReE E. Davis, F DUBUQUE, IOWA.

wALL oons'mucrron.

awe

' -8 pec iflca.tion of Letters Patent.

A plication filed December 27,1906. Serial No. 34%607.

of whichthe followin is a specification.

twists useful Imp vemenits iii-Wall Construction,

- wall havingic'ontinuous air space's at every' point in the 'so the wall will bewaterproof, fireproof and frostproof, and'to provide awall having the above attrisimple, inexpensive and substantial construebutes, of

Another objectfof my invention, is to provide a buildingfunit for walls" and the like which will be extremely a l and durable and which'while not a hollow for-' 'mation itself, will in combination with similar units,

ioifln ai practical and eflicient ventilated. wall.

ing-nnits by-mean's'of which walls of thick:

' v the dead air 'spaces are continuous throughout the wall, the units having such interlocking connection ,that the'buildin'gf or wall; is practically indestructible With such objects in view, my invention comprises a wall; embodying interlocking units so assembled that continuousair spaces'are formed at all points in the wall both-iu a and horizontal direction, audit furjther consists certain other. novel features of construc- P-i) 'tion, combination and arrangement of parts substan- Igially asherein disclosed. I v i Figure 1, is a plan view of the outer and inner courses .to my improved wall, th outer course being shown in section. Fig.2, isa similarview of a portion of thewalhf thisview being of the next course above or below the ,one shown in Fig, 1. Fig. 3,,is a similar view of a portion of n wer; inwhicha shorter corner blockis employed-in the inner' course. Fig. 4', is a vertical sec= "tional view througha wall constructed ,in accordance with the invention, taken on the lihe 4-4 of Fig. 1.

' "5 is a plan view with the outer course shown in section toillustrate a slightly modified form of the invention, in which the building units are capable 'of lateral adjustment tovary the width or thickness of the wall. Fig. 6, is a-similar view of a slight modification of the invention, in which an intermediate core block is used to secure the. inner and outer courses together. 158, 7, alike view of a modified form of integral locking means for securing the inner and outer courses to gether. Fig; 8, is a perspective view-oi one of the interin'Figsfi. I o r The building blocks ,or units which I am about to describe, may be made of cement, concrete, 'terra-cotta,

7 tile, or tact of any material which'may be molded,

or machined, The blocks composingthe inner mediate core blocks employed in theiconstruction shown and outer ser es of my wall, are of similar character so that they are interchangeable and may be assembled thereof, an angularrecess '1', whi'ch thereby' provides the central projection or extension 2, and theend o tongues or extensions 3. The face of the three extenjh y invention relates to improvements in wall can struction, and has for its object to provide a ventilated sions on the block are on a le'veLand the recesses are each fof the same width :as the centraleritension, and 'the tongues on the ends of the block areeatih'hali the width of the recesses, so that when placed endto end, the meeting tongues on the endsgfihegwc nt blocks exactly fit in the-recessof the corresponding blockrin blocks are arranged ininner and outescpjgrses, and the blocks of the opposite courses alternate sld that the central' projectiomoi the block in onels eri'es engages-the corresponding recess in theshlo'ck-of the opposite series,

\ z and the tongues on the ends of the adjoining Blocks f A further object-of the invention, is to provide build- '20 ,nesses may be formed, to suit different requirements,

engage the corresponding recess in the block of the opposite series. Grooves or recesses 4 are formed in the long-arm 8, terminating in a; tongue 9, and a short arm is formed in the long arm of the .block thus providing g of a width corresponding to the tongues on the 0 her or regular blocks. Anarc-shaped recess 14, is to l ed-in the inner wall at the bend of the block to i'eceiv theinterlocking tongues on-the ends of the on "the 1 ner course end-blocks, are of half the thickness-oi to body of the block as at 15, so that. these reduced" prtions mortise or rest one upon the other as engaged in 'one of the angular recesses of a block in the opposite series or course, and the blocks in the next with ease. The blocks have formed near each end" may begircular'as shown or of-any other des' red size 10, terminating in' a similar tongue 11. A recess 12,

shown i Figsfl, 2, and 3. In building .a wall or other structur, the blocks in." both the inner and outer -courses are arranged to alternate in all directions, so that the adjoining ends of the blocks in one series are course above or below, are arranged so that an integral :portion alternates with the-meeting ends'oi the blocks Patented Oct. 15,1907.

the opposite course. As shown in the plan. views, the f inner walls of 'the interlocking tongues or projections, sothat when the blocks are assembled, the correspond- In Building a .wall accordance with my-invention oi alinement, and the wall is thus locked together moresechrely. The corner block 7, is formed with a 1 projection of, tongue 13, the tongues of this corner, b ocks inthe inner course. The end tongues in the other course. .The horizontal meeting edges 01' the blocks are also arranged in staggered series so that the wall is securely tied together to form a substantial unit.

Where it is of advantage to anchor the blocks to the foundation, rods 16, shown in Fig. 4, or cables, or chains may be secured to the foundation and passed up through the key-ways in the blocks so that the blocks are securely locked together and as the rods or similar fastenings extend the full height of the wall, the wall is thereby securely anchored upon the foundation. This construction is useful where there is great stress brought to bear upon the wall.

.Where walls of various thicknesses are to be built, it is advantageous to form a series of spaced grooves or keyways in the walls of the interlocking tongues of the blocks as shown at 17, in Fig. 57 The walls may thus be constructed of any desired thickness by varying the mesh of the interlocking tongues so that any one or all of the series of key-ways coincide. Varying sizes of air spaces are thus also provided tosuit different climatical conditions.

The inner and iouter courses may be tied together with the blocks in alinement, by using the core blocks 18, shown in Fig. 6, the said blocks having locking ridges or ribs 19, outheir lateral edges to engage the grooves formed in the walls of the tongues on the blocks.

To simplify the construction still further, the locking keys may be dispensed with, as illustratedin Fig. 7, the. opposite inner walls of the interlocking tongues being formed with corresponding tongues 20, and grooves 21, which interlock with the alternating series of grooves and tongues respectively in the block oi the opposite course.

in corner construction, where the blocks in the inner.

course do not finish or come out even, a short corner block 22, may be used, such a construction being illusfrated in Fig. 3. This short corner block has the central depression or recess. 23, to receive the interlocking tongue or tongues of the blocks in the opposite orouter course, and the end tongues 24. of half size.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings, the many advantages and uses to which my wall construction may be applied will be readily appreciated, and it will be evident that I have accomplished all the results herein set forth as the ohjccts of the invention.

I claim:

1. A building block having a central projection and tongues on the ends thereof, the projection and tongues having plane sides disposed at rig-ht angles to the body of the block, the width or the projection and intervening spaces between the tongues. being equal, the end tongues beingcf half the width of the central projection there being bondinggrooves formed in the inner walls of the end tongues and in corresponding positions on the opposire side walls of the central projection these bonding grooves and keys belng located near the ends of the lateral projections of the blocks.

2. A building block having a central projection and Mingues on the ends thereof with recessed portions between the central projection and end tongues, the projection and tongues having plane sides disposed at right angles to the body of the block, bonding grooves formed in corresponding positions near the outer edge on the lnner walls of the tongues and side walls of the central projection, the width of the central projectlonnnd recessed portions being equal, and the end tongues being of half the width of the central projection and intervening recesses.

3. A wall comprising inner and outer courses oi interchangeable interlocking units, each unit having, :1 central projection and end tongues spaced therefrom, the units in the opposite series altcrnul'inp so that the central projection of one block enters between the central projection and end tongueof the opposite block, and the end tongues of two adjoining blocks abut and enter between the projection and end tongue of the block in the opposite series the blocks in the opposite courses meshing only partially sons to leave alternating air spaces throughout the entire breadth of the wall and bonding; grooves and keys located near the ends 0fthe lateral projections on the blocks to hold them in spaced relation.

4. A Wall comprising inner and outer courses of inter:

air spaces are provided between the interlocking tongues and projections and the inner face of the-block in the opposite series, the blocks having bonding grooves formed in the meeting edges thereof and keys entered in the bonding openings formed by said grooves.

A corner construction for walls comprising a corner block having a long and an angular short arm, end tongues and a central projection on the block, the block on the inner course having: corresponding eiid tongues and a central projection to mesh with those of the corner block and provide air spaces the corner ends of the blocks in the innerseries being each of alternate reduced thickness so as to intermcsh and rest one upon the other.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' GEORGE E. DAVIS.

Witnesses N. I. COLLIS, J. J. Ixetn, 

